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MT ''Indiga'' (''Индига'') is a Russian product tanker operated by Murmansk Shipping Company. After her modernization in 1994 she became the second merchant ship, after her sister ship ''Varzuga'', to be equipped with an electric azimuth thruster, Azipod.〔Juurmaa, K et al.: The development of the double acting tanker for ice operation, Aker Arctic Technology Inc., (2001 ) and (2002 ).〕 ==History== ''Lunni'', built in 1976 by Werft Nobiskrug GmbH in Rendsburg, Germany, was the first ship of a series of four arctic product tankers ordered by a Finnish oil and petroleum products company Neste Oyj in the 1970s. The ships were given names after Finnish seabirds and the silhouettes of their namesake birds were painted on the side of the ships' superstructure. ''Lunni'' (Atlantic puffin) and ''Sotka'' (Aythya) were delivered in 1976 and ''Tiira'' (tern) and ''Uikku'' (grebe) in the following year. Until the 1990s the ships were used mainly to transport oil products in the Baltic Sea.〔 In 1993 ''Lunni'' made three consecutive voyages from Arkhangelsk to the Yana River in Siberia along the Northern Sea Route. The tanker was assisted by nuclear-powered icebreakers in the Vilkitsky Strait, but was under constant escort by Russian icebreakers only from Dikson Island to the Khatanga River.〔〔Muhlerin, N et al.: (Northern Sea Route and Icebreaking Technology ), pages 13-14. Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), 1994. Retrieved on 2010-02-05.〕 In 1994, a year after her sister ''Uikku'', ''Lunni'' was also chartered to Arctic Shipping Services to ship petroleum products in the Arctic Ocean. After ''Uikku'' 's successful refit her propulsion machinery was also modernized for navigation in the harsh ice conditions of the Arctic Ocean in 1994. Her ice-strengthening was later increased as well. In the following years ''Lunni'' operated in the Baltic Sea in winter and in the Northern Sea Route during summer months.〔Juurmaa, K et al.: (New ice breaking tanker concept for the arctic (DAT) ). Kvaerner Masa-Yards, 1995.〕 Fortum sold ''Lunni'', mainly due to her age exceeding 25 years, to Murmansk Shipping Company in 2003. She was renamed ''Indiga'' (''Индига'') after the Indiga River.〔 As Fortum is a state-owned company, the selling of two oil tankers capable of navigating in severe ice conditions resulted in a written question to the Parliament of Finland by Representative Pentti Tiusanen about whether the ships should be retained in Finnish control as they could be used to lighten a grounded oil tanker in harsh winter conditions.〔(KK 137/2003 vp ), Pentti Tiusanen /vas〕 The ship has since been used for oil transportation in the Arctic Ocean. Along with her sister ship ''Varzuga'' (ex-''Uikku''), sold to Russians at the same time, she has been involved in transporting oil from an oil terminal in the Ob Bay of the Kara Sea through the Kara Gates, the strait between Vaygach and Novaya Zemlya, to FSO ''Belokamenka'' in the Kola Bay of the Barents Sea.〔Bambulyak, A and Frantzen, B: (Oil transport from the Russian part of the Barents Region, Status per January 2009 ), page 41. Retrieved on 2010-02-05.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「MT Indiga」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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